DIN 53357 is a long-standing German standard used for adhesion testing of plastic sheets, films, and laminated materials . While it was officially withdrawn in 2013
, it remains a common reference in automotive and manufacturing industries for assessing how well layers or coatings stick to a substrate. Intertek Inform Core Purpose of the Standard The standard defines a methodology to measure the bond strength between layers of material, such as: Adhesion of leather dressings (dry and wet). Adhesion of textile backings on synthetic materials. Cementation/bondability of rubber to various materials. Key Testing Methods
The standard is often divided into specific procedures, most notably: DIN 53357-A:
A standard layer separation test focused on the force required to peel layers apart. DIN 53357-B:
Specifically uses a fixture for determining peel strength on paper and plastic substrates. TestResources Replacement and Modern Equivalents Because DIN 53357 was withdrawn, the German Institute for Standardisation (DIN) officially recommends using DIN EN ISO 2411
(Rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics - Determination of coating adhesion) as its modern replacement. Intertek Inform Typical Apparatus & Setup
To perform a test according to this standard, labs typically use: DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET
A primary feature of the DIN 53357 standard is its specialized peel testing methodology used to measure the bond strength and adhesion of laminated or coated plastic sheets and films. Key technical features of this standard include: Dual Testing Methods:
Method A (Separation Test): Typically involves specimens 200 mm long and 15 mm or 50 mm wide, pulled to test layer separation.
Method B (German Wheel Test): Uses a specialized rotating wheel fixture (often called the German Wheel) to maintain a constant 90-degree peel angle throughout the test, ensuring high precision for flexible materials.
Measurement Metrics: It focuses on determining the average separation force required to delaminate materials, providing a standard benchmark for quality control in packaging and industrial laminates.
Historical Context: Although widely used for decades, DIN 53357 is currently withdrawn as an active standard. It has largely been replaced by newer standards like DIN 55543-5 or international equivalents such as ISO 2411. DIN 53357 Test | Thwing-Albert
DIN 53357. DIN 53357 is the testing standard for adhesion of plastic sheets. * VantageNX Tensile Testing Machine. View products. * Thwing-Albert German Wheel Peel Testing Fixture - Thwing-Albert
The Significance of DIN 53357 PDF: A Comprehensive Guide to Adhesive Bonded Joints Testing
In the realm of materials science and engineering, adhesive bonding has emerged as a crucial technique for joining materials. The increasing reliance on adhesive bonded joints in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, and construction, has led to a growing need for standardized testing methods. One such standard is DIN 53357, which specifically deals with the testing of adhesive bonded joints. This article aims to provide an in-depth exploration of DIN 53357 PDF, its significance, and the testing procedures outlined in the standard.
What is DIN 53357?
DIN 53357 is a German standard (Deutsches Institut für Normung) that outlines the testing methods for adhesive bonded joints. The standard provides a comprehensive framework for evaluating the properties of adhesive joints, including their strength, durability, and resistance to various environmental factors. The DIN 53357 PDF document serves as a reference guide for manufacturers, researchers, and quality control engineers involved in the production and testing of adhesive bonded joints.
Importance of DIN 53357 PDF
The significance of DIN 53357 PDF lies in its ability to provide a standardized testing protocol for adhesive bonded joints. By following this standard, manufacturers can ensure that their products meet specific quality and safety requirements. The standard helps to:
Testing Procedures Outlined in DIN 53357 PDF
The DIN 53357 PDF document outlines several testing procedures for adhesive bonded joints, including:
Contents of DIN 53357 PDF
The DIN 53357 PDF document typically includes the following sections:
Industries That Benefit from DIN 53357 PDF
The DIN 53357 PDF standard is relevant to various industries that rely on adhesive bonded joints, including:
Conclusion
The DIN 53357 PDF standard plays a vital role in ensuring the quality, safety, and performance of adhesive bonded joints. By following this standard, manufacturers can guarantee that their products meet specific requirements and are suitable for various applications. The testing procedures outlined in DIN 53357 provide a comprehensive framework for evaluating the properties of adhesive joints, enabling manufacturers to optimize their products and processes. As the demand for adhesive bonded joints continues to grow, the significance of DIN 53357 PDF will only continue to increase.
Obtaining the official DIN 53357 PDF is essential for:
A DIN 53357 PDF is a vital technical resource for any lab testing plastic films. Always source the standard from an official vendor to ensure you have the correct, up-to-date method. By following this tear resistance test, manufacturers can prevent product failures caused by propagating tears during handling or use.
Need help interpreting DIN 53357 results? Contact our materials testing team for a consultation.
Technical Report: DIN 53357 (Adhesion Testing of Plastic Sheets and Films)
DIN 53357 is a historical German technical standard established by the Deutsches Institut für Normung (DIN) that provides a consistent methodology for testing the mechanical adhesion properties of plastic sheets and films. While currently withdrawn, it remains a critical reference for quality assurance in industries such as packaging and manufacturing where laminated or coated materials are widely used. 1. Scope and Application
The primary purpose of DIN 53357 is to measure the bond strength or ply adhesion of laminates made from flexible materials.
Adhesion Testing: Evaluates how well different layers of a material (e.g., in multi-layer packaging or adhesive tapes) are bonded together.
Material Types: Specifically designed for plastic films, sheets, and laminated structures where layer separation (delamination) is a potential failure mode.
Quality Control: Manufacturers use this standard to verify that materials meet performance criteria for durability and functionality. 2. Testing Methodology
The standard defines procedures for the layer separation test (Trennversuch der Schichten).
Method A: A common variant of the test often performed without a roller to determine the force required to peel layers apart.
Calculation: Bond strength is typically calculated as an average based on several measurement points (often 10) spread evenly across a specified measuring distance.
Performance Metrics: Results are often expressed in units such as Newtons per width (e.g., 96N/5cm) to quantify the force needed for separation. 3. Current Status and Successors
As of October 1982, the definitive version of the standard was DIN 53357:1982-10. However, it has since been withdrawn and replaced by newer international and local standards to align with global trade requirements.
Withdrawal Date: The standard was formally withdrawn in November 2013. Recommended Successors:
DIN EN ISO 2411: Specifically for rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics. din 53357 pdf
DIN 55543-5: Specifically for the testing of packaging films. 4. Technical Considerations
When interpreting results from DIN 53357, technical laboratories like Innoform Testservice note that:
Bending Stiffness: The inherent stiffness of the laminate layers can influence the measured bond strength. Directly comparing results from laminates with different stiffness levels can lead to misinterpretation of the actual adhesive bond.
Environmental Factors: Tests may be conducted across varying temperature ranges (e.g., -40°C to +120°C) to simulate real-world usage environments. 5. Document Availability
Though no longer an active standard, the historical document is still accessible for research and legacy compliance: Formats: Available in PDF and Hardcopy. Languages: Typically published in German and English.
Procurement: Can be purchased through technical standards libraries like DIN Media or Intertek Inform.
DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET - Intertek Inform
Title: An Overview of DIN 53357: A Standard for Plastics - Determination of Impact Resistance of Rigid Plastics
Abstract: DIN 53357 is a German standard that specifies a method for determining the impact resistance of rigid plastics. This standard is essential for evaluating the durability and performance of rigid plastic materials used in various applications. This paper provides an overview of DIN 53357, including its scope, definitions, test equipment, test procedure, and evaluation of results. Additionally, it highlights the significance of impact resistance testing for rigid plastics and its relevance to various industries.
Introduction: Rigid plastics are widely used in various industries, including construction, automotive, and packaging, due to their excellent mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and durability. However, these materials can be susceptible to impact damage, which can lead to failure in service. Therefore, it is crucial to evaluate the impact resistance of rigid plastics to ensure their performance and safety. DIN 53357 is a widely recognized standard that provides a method for determining the impact resistance of rigid plastics.
Scope and Definitions: DIN 53357 defines the impact resistance of rigid plastics as the ability of a material to withstand impact without cracking or shattering. The standard applies to rigid plastics with a thickness of up to 10 mm. The test method involves striking a specimen with a pendulum-type impact tester, and the energy required to cause damage is measured.
Test Equipment: The test equipment consists of:
Test Procedure: The test procedure involves the following steps:
Evaluation of Results: The results of the impact test are evaluated based on the energy required to cause damage. The impact resistance is expressed in terms of the impact energy required to cause cracking or shattering.
Significance of Impact Resistance Testing: Impact resistance testing is essential for evaluating the performance and safety of rigid plastics. A high impact resistance indicates that a material can withstand rough handling and harsh environmental conditions. This property is critical in applications where plastic materials are exposed to impact, such as in automotive components, construction profiles, and packaging materials.
Conclusion: DIN 53357 provides a standardized method for determining the impact resistance of rigid plastics. This standard is crucial for evaluating the performance and safety of rigid plastic materials used in various applications. By understanding the impact resistance of rigid plastics, manufacturers can select materials that meet specific requirements and ensure the durability and performance of their products.
References:
You can download the PDF version of DIN 53357 from the DIN website or other standardization bodies.
DIN 53357 is a withdrawn, legacy technical standard used to measure the adhesion strength of plastic sheets, laminates, and coated fabrics through methods like the 90-degree German Wheel Peel Test. While inactive since 2013, it remains a common reference in industry for quality control, often replaced in modern testing by standards such as DIN EN ISO 2411. For more details, visit DIN Media. DIN 53357-A (accredited) - FILK Test Lab
DIN 53357 is a historical German technical standard titled "Testing of plastics sheet; adhesion test" (Prüfung von Kunststoff-Folien; Trennversuch).
Although it is a widely referenced standard for measuring the bond strength of laminated materials and plastic sheets, it was officially withdrawn in November 2013 and has not been directly replaced by a single successor. Key Technical Details
Based on its application in industry datasheets and testing guides, the standard typically involves the following:
Primary Objective: To determine the adhesion or peel strength of plastic sheets and laminated materials. Testing Method:
Peel Angle: The standard is often divided into Method A and Method B. DIN 53357-B specifically refers to a 90-degree peel angle test.
Apparatus: Requires a tensile testing machine capable of maintaining a specific constant speed, often 100 mm/min.
Measurement: Results are typically expressed in units of force over width, such as N/5cm or kg/5cm. Common Applications:
Testing the bond between layers in automotive interior laminates.
Measuring the adhesion of coatings on outdoor billboard and banner fabrics.
Determining the bond strength of pressure-sensitive tapes and laminated release coatings. Availability and Replacement
Because the standard is withdrawn, "long content" or the full text is primarily available through archives or specialized standard distributors:
Official Purchase: You can still obtain the 1982-10 version in German or English from Intertek Inform or DIN Media.
Modern Alternatives: For new projects, engineers often use DIN EN ISO 2411 (for rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics) or ISO 8510-1/2 (for adhesives and peel tests) as contemporary substitutes for adhesion testing. DIN 53357 - 1982-10
The standard (Testing of plastic sheets; adhesion test) is a
German standard as of November 1, 2013. It was used to determine the bond strength and adhesion properties of laminated or coated plastic films and sheets. eurolab.net Current Replacements and Recommendations
Because the standard is withdrawn, the issuing body (DIN) and testing laboratories recommend using the following current standards instead: DIN EN ISO 2411
: This is the primary recommended replacement for testing the coating adhesion of fabrics. DIN 55543-5 : Specifically cited by
as the document that officially replaced DIN 53357 for certain packaging film tests.
: Often used in similar industry contexts to measure the comparison of bond strength or ply adhesion. Standard Overview
Prüfung von Kunststoffbahnen und -folien; Trennversuch der Schichten (Testing of plastics sheets; adhesion test).
Focused on the mechanical separation (peeling) of layers in multilayer materials, critical for the packaging and automotive industries. (standard peel) and (using a German wheel peel fixture). You can still purchase the historical PDF version of DIN 53357:1982-10 for reference purposes from Intertek Inform technical specifications for a specific material, or do you need to find a that can still perform this test? DIN 53357 - 1982-10
Replacement amendments. This document has been replaced by: DIN 55543-5:2017-10 . DIN 53357 - 1982-10
is a German technical standard used for the adhesion testing DIN 53357 is a long-standing German standard used
of plastic sheets and films. It specifically outlines the "Layer Separation Test," which measures the force required to separate layers of a multi-layer material. Core Test Overview This standard is primarily used in industries dealing with laminates, packaging, and technical textiles
(such as architectural membranes). It describes two main methods for assessing how well layers are bonded together: Method A (Separation Test):
Focuses on separating five specimens (each 200 mm long) lengthwise and crosswise from the material web.
Typically 50 mm for composite sheets; 15 mm for thin multi-layer films. Method B (Split Test):
Uses five specimens (15 mm wide and 250–300 mm long) taken across the material slab. eurolab.net Technical Specifics The test is often performed using a 90° peel angle (also known as the German wheel peel test). Apparatus:
A tensile tester equipped with a specialized wheel extension (often 90 mm in diameter). A standard rate of 100 mm/min is commonly applied. The primary value evaluated is the maximum peel force
or average peel force (often expressed in N/5 cm or N/15 mm). Current Status It is important to note that DIN 53357 was withdrawn
in 2006. It has largely been superseded by international standards like DIN EN ISO 2411 (for rubber- or plastic-coated fabrics) or
(T-peel test for flexible-to-flexible bonded assemblies). However, it remains a frequent historical reference in technical datasheets for specialized materials like architectural membranes Common Applications Multilayer Pipes: Testing for rapid gas decompression resistance. Safety Glass: Evaluating the adhesion of anti-shatter films. Conservation: Testing adhesives used for lining old paper documents. ResearchGate
If you need to perform this test today, it is recommended to consult the current DIN Media catalog
DIN 53357 is a critical historical technical standard for the testing of plastic sheets, films, and coated fabrics. Published by the German Institute for Standardization (Deutsches Institut für Normung - DIN), it specifically defines the procedures for determining the adhesion strength between different layers of a material or between a coating and its substrate.
While officially withdrawn as of November 2013, the standard remains widely referenced in industrial quality control and historical material specifications. Scope and Application of DIN 53357
The standard is designed to assess the force required to separate the individual layers of flexible materials. This information is vital for ensuring the integrity and durability of products like:
Multilayer Packaging: Ensuring food or pharmaceutical blister packs do not delaminate.
Coated Fabrics: Testing the bond between a textile base and its plastic or elastomer coating.
Adhesive Tapes: Measuring the peel strength of pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) films. Test Methods: Method A vs. Method B
DIN 53357 outlines two primary test types, which are selected based on the specific material properties: DIN 53357 - 1982-10
DIN 53357 is a historical German standard titled "Testing of plastic sheets; adhesion test" (Prüfung von Kunststoffbahnen und -folien; Trennversuch der Schichten). It describes a specific method for assessing the adhesion force (separation force) between layers in multi-layer plastic sheets or between a top layer and its substrate. Core Technical Details
Purpose: To determine the force required to separate bonded or laminated layers of plastic film. Methods: It typically includes two variations:
Method A: Often used for standard adhesion tests without specific auxiliary equipment like rollers.
Method B: A secondary agreed-upon variation depending on the product type.
Testing Procedure: The test involves placing a specimen between clamps in a tensile machine and separating the layers at a constant speed (commonly 100 mm/min) while measuring the force. Current Status and Replacements
DIN 53357 was officially withdrawn in November 2013. It has largely been replaced or superseded by newer international standards:
DIN EN ISO 2411: Often recommended for similar adhesion testing.
DIN 55543-5: Directly references the historical Method A of DIN 53357 for ply adhesion of flexible materials. Accessing the PDF
Because this is a withdrawn technical standard, full "long paper" versions are typically found through:
Official Portals: You can purchase the historical document in PDF or hardcopy from DIN Media or Intertek Inform. Technical Libraries: It is archived in DIN Handbook 490/2.
Third-party Previews: Short previews or metadata are available on sites like Scribd. DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET
standard, titled "Testing of plastic sheets; adhesion test," specifies methods for determining the separation force
(adhesion strength) between layers of plastic films or coatings eurolab.net Though officially
in 2013, it remains a historical benchmark and is still used in specific laboratory contexts for testing laminates and multi-layer films. eurolab.net Key Features of DIN 53357
: Measures the force required to separate an upper layer from a substrate or two layers from each other. Test Methods
: Generally used for plastic composite sheets where specimens are approximately 50 mm wide and 200 mm long. Method B (German Wheel Peel)
: Utilizes a rotating "German Wheel" fixture to maintain a constant 90-degree peel angle throughout the test. Equipment requirements
: The test is typically performed using a tensile testing machine (conforming to DIN 51221) with low-inertia force measurement. Application areas : Widely used for assessing bond strength in packaging, adhesive tapes, and labels Thwing-Albert Current Replacements Because DIN 53357 is withdrawn, the German Institute for Standardization (DIN)
and various test labs recommend the following modern alternatives: DIN EN ISO 2411 : For rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics. DIN EN ISO 11339
: Specifically for the T-peel test of flexible-to-flexible bonded assemblies.
: A common international equivalent for measuring the bond strength of flexible laminates. Innoform Testservice requirements or the successor standards for a particular material? German Wheel Peel Testing Fixture - Thwing-Albert
⚠️ Important: DIN standards are copyright-protected. Free PDFs from unofficial sites are often outdated, incomplete, or illegal copies.
To obtain a legitimate copy:
Searching for "DIN 53357 PDF" is just the first step. The true value lies in owning the legitimate, current version. It ensures:
Do not rely on second-hand copies or forum uploads. Invest in the official document from DIN Media or your local standards body. Whether you are developing a new fuel hose, certifying an automotive seal, or simply verifying raw material data, DIN 53357 remains the gold standard for oil and fuel resistance testing in rubber and plastics. Ensure product quality : By following DIN 53357,
Call to Action:
If you need a DIN 53357 PDF for immediate use, visit [DIN Media’s webstore] or your national standards portal today. For test lab services that operate under DIN 53357, contact a certified materials testing laboratory (e.g., TÜV SÜD, Element Materials Technology, Intertek).
Last updated: October 2025 – Always verify the latest version before procurement.
DIN 53357 was a historical German standard used to test the adhesion (peel strength) of laminates and plastic films. Although it was officially withdrawn in the late 1990s and replaced by newer European standards, it remains a common reference in technical data sheets for legacy industrial materials. 1. Purpose and Scope
The primary goal of DIN 53357 was to determine the strength of the bond between layers of flexible materials. This is critical for: Plastic films and laminates. Synthetic leather (PVC/PU coated fabrics).
Adhesive-backed foils used in automotive and construction industries. 2. Testing Methodology
The test measured the force required to separate two bonded layers under specific conditions: Peel Angle: Typically a 90-degree or 180-degree peel test.
Constant Rate: The specimen was pulled apart at a fixed speed (usually 50 mm/min or 100 mm/min).
Measurement: The result was expressed in N/cm (Newtons per centimeter) or N/15mm, representing the average force needed to sustain the peeling process. 3. Current Status: Withdrawn and Replaced
You will often find "DIN 53357" in PDF catalogs for older products, but for modern compliance, it has been superseded by:
DIN EN ISO 2411: Specifically for rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics (determination of coating adhesion).
DIN EN 28510-1 / ISO 8510-1: For general adhesives and peel tests for flexible-to-rigid bonded assemblies. 4. Why is the PDF still sought after?
Engineers and quality control specialists often look for the original DIN 53357 PDF to:
Compare legacy data: When a manufacturer’s datasheet still lists values according to the old standard.
Maintain continuity: For long-term projects (like aerospace or infrastructure) that were spec'd decades ago and require the exact original testing parameters. Summary Table Full Title
Testing of plastics films and plastic-coated fabrics; adhesion test. Unit of Measure N/cm or N/15mm. Status Withdrawn (Replaced by ISO 2411/ISO 8510). Primary Use Measuring peel strength/bond quality.
Understanding DIN 53357: Adhesion Testing for Plastic Sheets
The DIN 53357 standard, titled "Testing of plastics sheet; adhesion test" (German: Prüfung von Kunststoffbahnen und -folien; Trennversuch der Schichten), is a historically significant German testing protocol used to determine the bond strength and delamination resistance of laminated or coated plastic materials. While the standard has been officially withdrawn, it remains a common reference in material specifications for packaging, automotive interiors, and protective films. Scope and Application
The primary purpose of DIN 53357 is to measure the separation force required to peel apart individual layers of a multi-layer sample or to separate a coating from its substrate. It is particularly critical for:
Multi-layer Packaging: Ensuring that laminated films do not delaminate during use.
Adhesive Tapes and Labels: Evaluating the peel strength of pressure-sensitive adhesives.
Synthetic Leather: Testing the adhesion of top layers to textile substrates.
Automotive Interiors: Verifying the bond quality of dashboard or door panel skins. Core Testing Methods
DIN 53357 defines two primary testing procedures, often referred to as Method A and Method B:
Method A (Peel Test): Generally used for flexible laminates. It typically involves a standard tensile testing machine where the specimen is pulled apart at a controlled speed to measure the average bond strength.
Method B (German Wheel Peel Test): Utilizes a specialized "German Wheel Peel Fixture". The sample is wrapped around a rotating wheel, keeping the peel angle constant at exactly 90 degrees throughout the test. This ensures consistent measurement of peel strength without the influence of changing angles often seen in manual peel tests. Technical Specifications DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET; ADHESION TEST. Intertek Inform DIN 53357 - Mecmesin
Testing of plastics sheets; adhesion test. Test types. Peel Wheel Test. Pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) tapes and labels. DIN 53357 Test | Thwing-Albert
DIN 53357. DIN 53357 is the testing standard for adhesion of plastic sheets. * VantageNX Tensile Testing Machine. View products. * Thwing-Albert Document Date 1982-10 (Standard version) Status Withdrawn (effective 2013-11-01) Key Metric Separation force / Peel strength Primary Fixture German Wheel Peel Fixture (Method B) Recommended Successor DIN EN ISO 2411 Current Status and DIN 53357 PDF Availability
DIN 53357 was officially withdrawn in November 2013. The issuing body, the German Institute for Standardization (DIN), now recommends using DIN EN ISO 2411 for similar applications, particularly for rubber- or plastics-coated fabrics. Some labs also point to DIN 55543-5 as a modern replacement for specific laminate tests.
For those specifically searching for the DIN 53357 PDF, it can still be acquired through official standards distributors like DIN Media or Intertek Inform. Although the document is no longer active for new standard development, it is still sold for historical reference and to support existing contracts that mandate its use. DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET; ADHESION TEST. Intertek Inform DIN 53357 - Mecmesin
Testing of plastics sheets; adhesion test. Test types. Peel Wheel Test. Pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) tapes and labels. DIN 53357 Test | Thwing-Albert
DIN 53357. DIN 53357 is the testing standard for adhesion of plastic sheets. * VantageNX Tensile Testing Machine. View products. * Thwing-Albert
DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET - Intertek Inform
Technical Overview: DIN 53357 (Testing of Plastic Sheets; Adhesion Test)
is a historically significant German standard used to measure the bond strength (adhesion) between layers of laminated or coated plastic sheets and films. Although officially withdrawn as of November 2013
, it remains a frequent reference in technical specifications for packaging, automotive interiors, and protective coatings. Intertek Inform 1. Scope and Core Purpose
The standard provides a methodology for assessing the mechanical force required to separate the individual layers of a composite material. It is primarily applied to: eurolab.net Multilayer Plastic Films : Evaluating the integrity of food and medical packaging. Coated Fabrics
: Ensuring coatings (like PVC or rubber) do not delaminate from their substrates. Adhesive Tapes
: Measuring the peel strength of pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSA). 2. Key Test Methods
DIN 53357 traditionally defined two primary approaches, often referred to as Method A and Method B: eurolab.net DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET DIN 53357:1982-10 TESTING OF PLASTICS SHEET; ADHESION TEST. Intertek Inform DIN 53357 - Mecmesin
Testing of plastics sheets; adhesion test. Test types. Peel Wheel Test. Pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) tapes and labels. German Wheel Peel Testing Fixture - Thwing-Albert
Since I cannot directly provide a copyrighted PDF file, I have compiled the technical content of DIN 53357 into a comprehensive, formatted technical paper below.
This document is structured like a standard standard paper, containing the Scope, Definitions, Test Methodology, and Calculation formulas. You can copy and paste this into a document editor for your use.